Science Fiction / Climate Fiction
Six Thousand Crosses
Combining Cormac McCarthy + Richard Powers | The Road + The Overstory
Synopsis
A wheat breeder at a Mexican research station races to develop rust-resistant varieties as a new strain of stem rust devours harvests from East Africa to India. Three planting cycles. Six thousand crosses per season. The pathogen evolves faster than she can breed against it.
McCarthy's stripped elemental prose and Road-like journey through devastation meets Powers's systems thinking and Overstory timescales in a near-future agricultural horror story about a wheat breeder racing stem rust across three planting cycles
Behind the Story
A discussion between Cormac McCarthy and Richard Powers
We met in a room that smelled of old paper and dust, somewhere in the back of a library in Ciudad Obregon that nobody used anymore. The air conditioning was broken. Powers had his sleeves rolled to the elbows and was reading something on his phone about mycorrhizal networks. McCarthy sat with his hands flat on the table, watching a fly crawl across the wood grain. Neither of them seemed bothered by the heat, which was considerable. I had brought notes. A folder of research on shuttle breeding,…
Read the full discussionThe Formula
- Field scenes rendered in McCarthy's stripped declarative prose — subject, verb, object, dust; minimal punctuation; no quotation marks in dialogue
- The Sonoran landscape as biblical wasteland: 'The desert went on to the edge of sight, pale and featurless as a dead sea'
- Physical labor made elemental — hands, tweezers, anthers, sun — survival stripped to its barest mechanics
- Genomic and mycological passages in Powers's longer, system-encompassing sentences — subordinate clauses holding whole ecosystems
- Rust written as a protagonist with agency, intelligence, evolutionary strategy — not villain but coequal life form
- The one-paragraph scale shift connecting the Mexican field to bread lines, futures markets, and seed vaults worldwide
- Three-cycle structure as journey through devastation toward uncertain continuation — each cycle more compressed, more desperate
- Mentor-apprentice dynamic mirroring The Road's father-son: the breeder sending seeds and crossing data to a former student at the highland station
- Central question of The Road — 'is it worth continuing?' — embodied in whether to plant the third cycle knowing the rust has already won
- Multiple timescales layered — eighteen months of breeding against ten thousand years of wheat domestication against three billion years of coevolution
- Argument that human timescales miss what matters: the breeding work as one breath in a millennia-long conversation between plant and pathogen
- The ending as The Overstory's logic: the individual fails, but the system continues; the planting matters on a timescale the planter cannot experience
Reader Reviews
This story broke me open in a way I didn't expect from something so technically grounded. The relationship between Lena and Rosario — never named as friendship, expressed entirely through shared labor and silence — is one of the most honest depictions of working intimacy I've encountered. Rosario's tremoring hands, and neither of them saying anything about it. The mentor-student thread with Tomas and then with Sofia creates this beautiful chain of continuation: knowledge passed through hands, through stools, through the same field Borlaug worked in 1945. The ending refuses resolution. Seeds in the ground, invisible. You can't see anything that's been done. That last image of her hands stained orange — from rust or from soil — is devastating precisely because the story doesn't tell you which matters more. Both do. Neither is enough.
81 found this helpful
I haven't been this moved by a piece of climate fiction since I first read Octavia Butler's Parable books, and this is working in a completely different register. Lena is magnificent — forty-three, tired, unsentimental, doing the work because the alternative is doing nothing. That phone call with her mother devastated me. 'Is what you're doing going to fix it.' 'I dont know. Maybe. Eventually.' And her mother says, 'Well. Keep going then.' That's the whole story in five lines. The ending with the orange stain on her fingers — rust or highland soil, she can't tell — is the kind of ambiguity that haunts you. I read it twice.
72 found this helpful
As someone who's covered East African agriculture, the Kenya-to-Rajasthan trajectory of the rust felt uncomfortably real. The forty-two percent yield loss in Kenya, the rationing in Egypt — these are not abstract numbers in my world. What the story gets right that most cli-fi gets wrong: the solution isn't a breakthrough. It's Rosario's swollen knuckles. It's Tomas learning to spot pustules at three meters. It's a box of twenty seed packets on a truck. Technology here means tweezers and paper bags and a woman on a stool. That's how agricultural technology actually moves through communities — through hands, through repetition, through stubborn continuity.
63 found this helpful
The geopolitics embedded in this story deserve attention. The EU redirecting agricultural research funds to emergency food aid — spending bread money to buy disappearing bread — is exactly the kind of structural absurdity that defines climate response in the Global South. Cairo riots while Mexican breeders work underfunded. Pakistan's army distributing flour. And meanwhile Lena's best technicians leave because a private seed company pays more. The story understands that climate catastrophe is not equally distributed, even if the rust spores are. I appreciated that Dr. Asante is Ghanaian, that Rosario's twenty-seven years of expertise lives in her hands rather than in publications, that the knowledge architecture here is multiracial and non-hierarchical without making a speech about it.
55 found this helpful
The biology is real. The gene nomenclature checks out, the breeding math checks out, the Puccinia graminis life cycle checks out. I respect that. The writing is clean — no wasted words, no melodrama. But calling this science fiction is a stretch. Replace 'near-future' with 'last decade' and nothing changes except the commodity prices. The Ug99 crisis already played out almost exactly like this. Still, that paragraph about the rust genome doing more with less than the wheat genome by a factor of forty — that's genuinely good science communication.
44 found this helpful
The technical detail here is remarkable — sixteen billion base pairs, the modified Cobb scale, the shuttle breeding between Obregon and Toluca. Every piece of agricultural science reads like the author spent months in a CIMMYT field station. What elevates it is the prose discipline: stripped-down sentences for field work, then these longer passages where the mycology opens up into deep time. The paragraph about Puccinia graminis and its sixty-million-year history is one of the best pieces of science writing I've read in fiction. Dr. Asante felt authentic, though I wished for more of him beyond the briefing scene. The story earns its gravity without ever reaching for it.
38 found this helpful
The plant pathology and genetics are solid. Sr31, Sr38, Sr24 — these are real resistance genes, and the race nomenclature (TTKTT) follows actual Puccinia graminis classification. The breeding timeline is plausible given shuttle breeding between highland and lowland Mexican stations, which is historically how CIMMYT operated. So full marks for scientific rigor. Where it loses me: this is barely science fiction. Move the timeline back twenty years to the Ug99 scare and you'd have a piece of literary journalism. The emotional arc — dedicated scientist persists against long odds — is fine but not exactly novel.
27 found this helpful
Structurally this is interesting — three cycles that compress as urgency increases, the prose getting tighter as the funnel narrows. The first cycle is expansive, almost leisurely in its technical detail; by the third, sentences are clipped and the numbers are stark. Seventy-one plants out of six thousand. That structural mimicry of the breeding process itself is well executed. But the story's restraint occasionally tips into austerity. Lena's interiority is almost entirely professional — we see her think about wheat genetics, about Tomas's future, about Borlaug. The mother phone call is the only crack in the armor, and it's brief. I wanted one more unguarded moment.
19 found this helpful
Solid but slow. The wheat breeding detail is impressive and clearly researched, but the middle section dragged for me — cycle after cycle of the same process with diminishing numbers. I get that the repetition is the point, but knowing that doesn't make it faster to read. The opening with the bus breaking down and the driver fixing it with a wrench and wire is great though. Strong finish too. Just needed to be about a thousand words shorter.
14 found this helpful