The Sound That Outlives the Signing
A discussion between Edgar Allan Poe and Tanarive Due
We met at a barbecue restaurant in Tuscaloosa that neither of them had chosen. I’d picked it because it was neutral territory — too far south for Poe’s Virginia, too far inland for Due’s Florida — but neutral turned out to be the wrong word. The moment they walked in, separately, five minutes apart, they both looked at the place the way you’d look at a crime scene: reading the walls, the exits, the particular quality of the smoke hanging in the air from the pit out back.
It was a weekday afternoon. Three other tables occupied. A television above the counter playing college football highlights with the sound off. The pulled pork was already on the table because I’d ordered before they arrived, wanting to have something to do with my hands.
Due sat across from me and picked up a menu she didn’t need. Poe sat at the head of the small table, which I hadn’t expected — I’d set three places along the sides, but he pulled the chair from the end and inserted himself there, so that he was looking at both of us slightly down his nose, though he was the shortest person at the table.
“Alabama,” he said. It was not a greeting.
“The story needs Alabama,” I said. “A specific kind of county. Rural enough that one man handles every body. Small enough that everyone knows which death you’re talking about when you don’t name it.”
“I know exactly that county,” Due said. She folded the menu and set it aside. “I grew up hearing about that county from my grandmother. Not one specific county — the idea of the county. The place where one signature decides what happened to somebody. Where the official record and the family’s knowledge diverge so far apart they might as well be in different centuries.”
“Diverge,” Poe repeated, and I felt the word land differently than she’d intended it. He was tasting it, turning it. “The official record and the family’s knowledge do not diverge. They exist in a state of — confrontation is too strong. The official record extinguishes the family’s knowledge. Replaces it. The certificate is the truth because it has a seal. What the family knows is reduced to rumor. To suspicion. To that particularly Southern phrase — ‘people talk.’”
“People do talk,” Due said. “The question is whether the dead talk back.”
The television flickered. A wide receiver caught a ball in the end zone and spiked it, and without sound the celebration looked like a fit — the body jerking, the arms thrown up, the mouth open in what could have been agony.
“Tell me about the coroner,” Poe said to me. “Not the moral position of the coroner. I don’t want to discuss ethics. I want to know what he looks like when he’s standing over a body at two in the morning in a county facility with bad lighting.”
“He’s meticulous,” I said. “The kind of man who keeps his instruments clean even when the facility doesn’t require it. Creases in his shirts. He irons them himself — doesn’t trust the dry cleaner in town because they once returned a shirt with someone else’s stain on the collar.”
“Good. Continue.”
“He’s been the county coroner for eleven years. Black man in a county that’s roughly split, which means he won every election by earning exactly enough white votes that no one could call his appointment purely racial, and he did that by being precise. By being the man whose reports were never challenged by the state medical examiner’s office. Never sent back for revision. His record is immaculate, and the immaculateness is what keeps him in office.”
Due was watching me with an expression I couldn’t place. Not approval. Recognition, maybe. Like she’d met this man before — not the character but the type.
“He’s performing competence the way Poe’s narrator performs sanity,” she said.
“I reject that comparison,” Poe said. He picked up a rib and looked at it as though it might contain evidence. “My narrator is performing sanity because he is mad. Your coroner — is he mad?”
“No,” I said.
“Then what is he performing?”
“Neutrality. He’s performing the absence of a perspective. Every ruling he makes is positioned as purely medical. Physiological. As though the body on his table arrived there without a history, without a county, without the specific American machinery that put it there. He sees entrance wounds and exit wounds, not — ”
“Not the social entrance wound,” Due said. “The one that was there before the body arrived.”
The pulled pork was getting cold. I ate some. Poe did not eat. He held the rib the way you’d hold a pen, pointed end forward, as if he might use it to take notes.
“The night in question,” I said. “A man named Jimmie Oates is brought in. Thirty-four years old. Found at the bottom of a ravine off County Road 9 with injuries consistent with a fall. Consistent also with a beating. Consistent with both, which is the problem. The coroner rules it accidental — a fall — because the physical evidence supports it and because ruling it otherwise would require him to say something he has spent eleven years refusing to say, which is that certain deaths in this county have a context that his instruments cannot measure.”
“The eye,” Poe said abruptly.
“What?”
“The old man’s eye. The thing that is too particular to justify the response it provokes. You need one. What is it?”
I had been thinking about this for weeks and hadn’t found it. “I don’t know yet.”
“Find it now. In this room. Before we leave.”
Due shook her head. “Don’t pressure the detail. The detail will emerge from the story. Poe’s method is to begin with the obsession and work outward. My method is to begin with the world and let the obsession find you.”
“Your method produces sprawl,” Poe said.
“Your method produces clockwork. Beautiful, precise, and airless.”
They looked at each other and something settled between them that wasn’t hostility — it was the quiet understanding of two writers who had spent their careers working opposite sides of the same territory. The gothic, the haunted, the space where the dead refuse to stay beneath the surface. But Poe built that space like a jewel box: small, enclosed, every facet angled to catch the same light. Due built it like a house with rooms you hadn’t found yet, where the dread came not from confinement but from discovering how much more space there was than you’d been told.
“The sound,” Due said. “Let’s talk about the sound.”
“A thumping,” I said. “From beneath the evidence room floor. It begins the night after he signs the Oates certificate. Not a heartbeat — that’s been done.” I glanced at Poe. “Something less identifiable. Rhythmic but irregular, like someone shifting their weight. Like someone down there is trying to get comfortable and can’t.”
“And cannot,” Poe corrected. “Not can’t. Cannot. The rhythm matters. The diction matters. If this man is as precise as you say — if his entire survival depends on precision — then the language of the narration must reflect that precision. And then the language must begin to fail. The sentence structure must crack before the man does.”
“Agreed.”
“The sound,” Due said again, pulling us back. “Who makes it?”
“What do you mean? It’s — ”
“I mean: in the logic of the story, who is making the sound? Is it Jimmie Oates? Is it the coroner’s own guilt? Is it the building itself — the county infrastructure, the filing cabinets full of rulings, the decades of signed paperwork? Because those are three different stories.”
“They’re not different stories,” Poe said. “They are the same story told by an unreliable narrator who cannot determine the source, and that inability is the horror. In The Tell-Tale Heart, the narrator knows the sound is the old man’s heart. He is certain. And the certainty is part of his madness, because a heart does not beat beneath floorboards. Here — what if your coroner does not know? What if the uncertainty is worse than certainty? A man who hears a sound and cannot identify it, cannot locate it, cannot determine whether it comes from below the floor or inside his own body — ”
“Inside his own body,” Due said, and leaned forward. “That’s where I need this to go. Because the between-space — the space I keep writing about, the near-death corridor, the place you go when you almost die and then come back — it isn’t somewhere else. It isn’t a tunnel with a light. It’s inside you. It’s the part of you that died and didn’t leave. And for a Black man in the rural South, that between-space has a particular geography. It looks like the county. It looks like the road. It looks like the ravine where they found Jimmie Oates.”
“The coroner has been to that ravine,” I said, realizing it as I spoke. “Not for the Oates case. Before. When he was young. He fell there himself — or was pushed, or jumped, or the distinction between those three things was never settled, the way certain distinctions in this county are never settled.”
Poe set down the rib. He wiped his fingers on a napkin with the deliberateness of a surgeon scrubbing out. “Now we have something. A coroner who once lay at the bottom of the same ravine where Jimmie Oates was found. Who survived. Who climbed out and became a man of the county, a man of sealed records and stamped certificates. And who must now rule on a death that occurred in the place where he almost died. The ruling is not medical. The ruling is autobiographical.”
“But he doesn’t know that,” Due said. “Not yet. He thinks he’s being professional. He thinks his history with the ravine is irrelevant to the medical evidence. He thinks the bruising pattern is ambiguous enough to support a fall. He thinks the family’s insistence that Jimmie was beaten is grief talking. He thinks all of this because thinking it keeps the between-space closed. Keeps the part of him that fell — or was pushed — in that ravine thirty years ago from climbing back out.”
I was writing fast. The pen was leaving ink on the side of my hand and I didn’t care. “The family. The Oates family. They don’t go away.”
“Letters,” Due said. “Threatening letters. Not threatening in the way you’d expect — no explicit violence, no slurs. Threatening because they contain details. The exact time of Jimmie’s death. The temperature of the body when it was found. Things that only someone who was there would know — or things that only someone who read the coroner’s own report would know. And the coroner can’t tell which. He can’t tell if someone is leaking his files or if someone was present at the death. The letters make both explanations equally possible.”
“The letters quote his own language back to him,” Poe said. Quietly. Almost to himself. “His own clinical phrases. ‘Injuries consistent with.’ ‘No evidence of.’ His words, in someone else’s hand. On his desk in the morning. Under his door. The precision he used to protect himself is being returned to him as accusation.”
“Yes,” I said.
“And the sound beneath the floor gets louder each time a letter arrives.”
“Or — ” Due held up a hand. “Or the sound and the letters are not connected. The sound is older. The sound was always there — in the pipes, in the foundation, in the county itself — and the coroner never heard it until the Oates ruling forced him to hold still long enough to listen. The letters are human. The sound is something else.”
“What else?”
“I don’t name it. That’s the rule. In my work, you don’t name the thing in the between-space. You describe its effects. You describe the temperature dropping, the way sleep changes, the way your reflection starts arriving a half-second late. But you don’t name it because naming it makes it manageable and the point is that it cannot be managed.”
Poe stood up. He did this when he was working something out — I’d noticed it earlier, the way his body needed to move when his mind was chewing. He walked to the counter, looked at the silent television for a moment, walked back.
“The police,” he said. “In my story, the police come. They sit in the narrator’s parlor and they are pleasant and they suspect nothing and the narrator performs normalcy until the sound destroys the performance. Do the police come here?”
“Someone comes,” I said. “Maybe not police. Maybe the state medical examiner’s office. An audit. A routine review triggered by — it doesn’t matter what triggers it. What matters is that someone official sits in the coroner’s office and asks routine questions, and the coroner answers them perfectly, and the sound is there the whole time, beneath everything, and the coroner is the only one who hears it.”
“Or the visitor hears it too,” Due said. “And says nothing. Because in certain counties, in certain offices, there are sounds that everyone hears and no one mentions. That’s the Southern Gothic I know. Not one man’s private haunting. A communal silence. A whole county sitting on a sound and performing normalcy together.”
Poe stopped walking. I could see him resist this — the expansion, the socialization of what he considered an intimate horror. His work was always one mind in one room with one unbearable sensation. Due was pulling it outward, into networks, communities, the distributed guilt of a place.
“If everyone hears it,” he said, “then no one confesses. Confession requires singularity. One voice. One guilt. If you distribute the guilt across a county, you’ve written sociology, not horror.”
“I’ve written both. Horror IS sociology in the right zip code.”
“Horror is the failure of the individual mind to contain what it has done. It is not a group project.”
Due picked up her glass of sweet tea and took a long drink. When she set it down she said: “The coroner confesses. Alone. In his office. At night. With the sound beneath him. He writes it on a death certificate — a blank one. He fills in Jimmie Oates’s name, and in the cause of death line, he writes the truth. Not the medical truth. The actual truth. And then he doesn’t file it. He puts it in his desk. And the sound — ”
“Stops?”
“Doesn’t stop. Changes pitch. Becomes something he can almost make out. Almost words. Almost a voice. Not Jimmie’s voice — his own. His own voice from thirty years ago, at the bottom of the ravine, saying something he’s never been able to remember. Something he said when he thought he was dying. The between-space opening up inside his own county office, in his own chair, with his own handwriting on a certificate that will never be filed.”
Poe sat back down. He put his hands flat on the table and looked at them — long fingers, ink-stained at the nails in a way that mirrored my own. I wondered if he’d done it deliberately.
“The certificate that will never be filed,” he said. “That is the floorboard. Not the floor of the evidence room. The certificate. The document that tells the truth and goes nowhere. That sits in a drawer and makes a sound that only one man can hear.”
“And the other certificate — the filed one — continues to be the official record.”
“Yes.”
“So there are two truths. One in the system. One in a drawer. And the man who wrote both of them sits above them, hearing — ”
“Both of them. At different frequencies. And he cannot determine which is louder.”
The barbecue had gone cold. The television showed a punt return in slow motion — a man catching something falling toward him and then running, immediately, before the collision he knew was coming. Poe watched it with the attention he gave to everything, as though the punt return contained information about mortality.
“I still need the eye,” I said. “The particular detail. The thing too small to justify the response.”
“The ravine,” Due said. “The specific smell of that ravine. Red clay and standing water and rotting pine straw. The coroner smells it in his office sometimes. Not when he expects it. When he’s doing something ordinary — signing a form, refilling his coffee. The smell arrives like a letter. Like evidence of somewhere he hasn’t been in thirty years and never left.”
Poe nodded. Once. He did not say the nod meant agreement. He picked up the rib he’d been holding earlier, now cold, and set it down on the plate with a precision that made the gesture look like a ruling. Something decided. Something signed.
Due was gathering her bag. “The confession can’t save him,” she said. “That’s the difference between your story and this one.” She was talking to Poe. “In yours, the confession is a release — a terrible one, a destructive one, but it ends the sound. It stops the heart. In this story, the confession changes the sound but doesn’t stop it. Because the system doesn’t stop. The county doesn’t stop. The next body will arrive. The next certificate will need signing. The confession is not the end of the horror. It’s the moment the coroner realizes the horror has no end. That the between-space is not a place you visit and return from. It’s where he’s been living the whole time.”
Poe said nothing. He was looking at his hands on the table. I thought he might argue — the compression, the singularity, the sealed room of one man’s breakdown — but he was quiet in a way that seemed less like concession and more like someone listening to a sound he’d only just noticed, trying to determine whether it came from beneath the table or from inside the sentence he hadn’t yet